基于 LNMP一键安装包 在 CentOS Stream 9 部署 LNMP 环境
1、查看 /etc/os-release 文件 ，操作系统为 CentOS Stream 9 。
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]# cat /etc/os-release NAME="CentOS Stream" VERSION="9" ID="centos" ID_LIKE="rhel fedora" VERSION_ID="9" PLATFORM_ID="platform:el9" PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Stream 9" ANSI_COLOR="0;31" LOGO="fedora-logo-icon" CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:9" HOME_URL="https://centos.org/" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://issues.redhat.com/" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="CentOS Stream"
2、参考：https://lnmp.org/install.html 安装 使用putty或类似的SSH工具登陆VPS或服务器；登陆后运行：screen -S lnmp 如果提示screen: command not found 命令不存在可以执行：yum install screen 安装，提示：未找到。如图1
图1
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]# screen -S lnmp -bash: screen: command not found [root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]# yum install screen Last metadata expiration check: 0:47:49 ago on Sat 08 Mar 2025 03:00:17 PM CST. No match for argument: screen Error: Unable to find a match: screen [root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]# dnf install screen Last metadata expiration check: 0:50:52 ago on Sat 08 Mar 2025 03:00:17 PM CST. No match for argument: screen Error: Unable to find a match: screen
3、screen 软件包通常位于 EPEL（Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux） 仓库中。安装 EPEL 仓库。再次安装 screen，安装成功。如图2
图2
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]# yum install epel-release Last metadata expiration check: 1:01:31 ago on Sat 08 Mar 2025 03:00:17 PM CST. Dependencies resolved. ======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: epel-release noarch 9-7.el9 extras-common 19 k Installing weak dependencies: epel-next-release noarch 9-7.el9 extras-common 8.1 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 2 Packages Total download size: 27 k Installed size: 29 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/2): epel-next-release-9-7.el9.noarch.rpm 71 kB/s | 8.1 kB 00:00 (2/2): epel-release-9-7.el9.noarch.rpm 131 kB/s | 19 kB 00:00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 183 kB/s | 27 kB 00:00 CentOS Stream 9 - Extras packages 2.0 MB/s | 2.1 kB 00:00 Importing GPG key 0x1D997668: Userid : "CentOS Extras SIG (https://wiki.centos.org/SpecialInterestGroup) <security@centos.org>" Fingerprint: 363F C097 2F64 B699 AED3 968E 1FF6 A217 1D99 7668 From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-SIG-Extras-SHA512 Is this ok [y/N]: y Key imported successfully Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : epel-release-9-7.el9.noarch 1/2 Running scriptlet: epel-release-9-7.el9.noarch 1/2 Many EPEL packages require the CodeReady Builder (CRB) repository. It is recommended that you run /usr/bin/crb enable to enable the CRB repository. Installing : epel-next-release-9-7.el9.noarch 2/2 Running scriptlet: epel-next-release-9-7.el9.noarch 2/2 Verifying : epel-next-release-9-7.el9.noarch 1/2 Verifying : epel-release-9-7.el9.noarch 2/2 Installed: epel-next-release-9-7.el9.noarch epel-release-9-7.el9.noarch Complete! [root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]# yum install screen Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 14 MB/s | 23 MB 00:01 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 1.4 kB/s | 2.5 kB 00:01 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 232 kB/s | 235 kB 00:01 Dependencies resolved. ======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Architecture Version Repository Size ======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: screen x86_64 4.8.0-6.el9 epel 649 k Transaction Summary ======================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package Total download size: 649 k Installed size: 957 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: screen-4.8.0-6.el9.x86_64.rpm 5.2 MB/s | 649 kB 00:00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 816 kB/s | 649 kB 00:00 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB 00:00 Importing GPG key 0x3228467C: Userid : "Fedora (epel9) <epel@fedoraproject.org>" Fingerprint: FF8A D134 4597 106E CE81 3B91 8A38 72BF 3228 467C From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-9 Is this ok [y/N]: y Key imported successfully Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Running scriptlet: screen-4.8.0-6.el9.x86_64 1/1 Installing : screen-4.8.0-6.el9.x86_64 1/1 Running scriptlet: screen-4.8.0-6.el9.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : screen-4.8.0-6.el9.x86_64 1/1 Installed: screen-4.8.0-6.el9.x86_64 Complete! [root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]#
4、安装LNMP稳定版
wget https://soft.lnmp.com/lnmp/lnmp2.1.tar.gz -O lnmp2.1.tar.gz && tar zxf lnmp2.1.tar.gz && cd lnmp2.1 && ./install.sh lnmp
5、LNMP添加、删除虚拟主机 参考：https://lnmp.org/faq/lnmp-vhost-add-howto.html
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z ~]# lnmp vhost add +-------------------------------------------+ | Manager for LNMP, Written by Licess | +-------------------------------------------+ | https://lnmp.org | +-------------------------------------------+ Please enter domain(example: www.lnmp.org): qdx.***.cn Your domain: qdx.***.cn Enter more domain name(example: lnmp.org sub.lnmp.org): domain list: qdx.***.cn Please enter the directory for the domain: qdx.***.cn Default directory: /home/wwwroot/qdx.***.cn: /home/wwwroot/qdx Virtual Host Directory: /home/wwwroot/qdx Allow Rewrite rule? (y/n) y Please enter the rewrite of programme, wordpress,discuzx,typecho,thinkphp,laravel,codeigniter,yii2,zblog rewrite was exist. (Default rewrite: other): yii2 You choose rewrite: yii2 Enable PHP Pathinfo? (y/n) y Enable pathinfo. Allow access log? (y/n) y Enter access log filename(Default:qdx.***.cn.log): y You access log filename: y.log Enable IPv6? (y/n) n Disabled IPv6 Support in current Virtualhost. Add SSL Certificate (y/n) y 1: Use your own SSL Certificate and Key 2: Use Let's Encrypt to create SSL Certificate and Key 3: Use BuyPass to create SSL Certificate and Key 4: Use ZeroSSL to create SSL Certificate and Key Enter 1, 2, 3 or 4: 2 Using 301 to Redirect HTTP to HTTPS? (y/n) y Redirect http://qdx.***.cn to https://qdx.***.cn Press any key to start create virtul host... Create Virtul Host directory...... set permissions of Virtual Host directory...... chmod: changing permissions of '/home/wwwroot/qdx/.user.ini': Operation not permitted chown: changing ownership of '/home/wwwroot/qdx/.user.ini': Operation not permitted You select the exist rewrite rule:/usr/local/nginx/conf/rewrite/yii2.conf Test Nginx configure file...... nginx: [warn] the "listen ... http2" directive is deprecated, use the "http2" directive instead in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/qdxapi.***.cn.conf:45 nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful Reload Nginx...... nginx: [warn] the "listen ... http2" directive is deprecated, use the "http2" directive instead in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/qdxapi.***.cn.conf:45 /usr/bin/lnmp: line 585: /home/wwwroot/qdx/.user.ini: Operation not permitted chmod: changing permissions of '/home/wwwroot/qdx/.user.ini': Operation not permitted Reload service php-fpm done /usr/local/acme.sh/acme.sh [found] Generate ssl certificate using Let's Encrypt... [Sat Mar 8 05:01:09 PM CST 2025] Using CA: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory [Sat Mar 8 05:01:09 PM CST 2025] Creating domain key [Sat Mar 8 05:01:09 PM CST 2025] The domain key is here: /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/qdx.***.cn/qdx.***.cn.key [Sat Mar 8 05:01:09 PM CST 2025] Single domain='qdx.***.cn' [Sat Mar 8 05:01:09 PM CST 2025] Getting domain auth token for each domain [Sat Mar 8 05:01:14 PM CST 2025] Getting webroot for domain='qdx.***.cn' [Sat Mar 8 05:01:14 PM CST 2025] Verifying: qdx.***.cn [Sat Mar 8 05:01:15 PM CST 2025] Pending, The CA is processing your order, please just wait. (1/30) [Sat Mar 8 05:01:20 PM CST 2025] Pending, The CA is processing your order, please just wait. (2/30) [Sat Mar 8 05:01:24 PM CST 2025] Success [Sat Mar 8 05:01:24 PM CST 2025] Verify finished, start to sign. [Sat Mar 8 05:01:24 PM CST 2025] Lets finalize the order. [Sat Mar 8 05:01:24 PM CST 2025] Le_OrderFinalize='https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/finalize/2269553226/361405220756' [Sat Mar 8 05:01:25 PM CST 2025] Downloading cert. [Sat Mar 8 05:01:25 PM CST 2025] Le_LinkCert='https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/cert/038e2b0873b6d47b9eec4e6117670e32abd9' [Sat Mar 8 05:01:26 PM CST 2025] Cert success. [Sat Mar 8 05:01:26 PM CST 2025] Your cert is in: /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/qdx.***.cn/qdx.***.cn.cer [Sat Mar 8 05:01:26 PM CST 2025] Your cert key is in: /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/qdx.***.cn/qdx.***.cn.key [Sat Mar 8 05:01:26 PM CST 2025] The intermediate CA cert is in: /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/qdx.***.cn/ca.cer [Sat Mar 8 05:01:26 PM CST 2025] And the full chain certs is there: /usr/local/nginx/conf/ssl/qdx.***.cn/fullchain.cer [Sat Mar 8 05:01:26 PM CST 2025] Run reload cmd: /etc/init.d/nginx reload Reload nginx... nginx: [warn] the "listen ... http2" directive is deprecated, use the "http2" directive instead in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/qdxapi.***.cn.conf:45 done [Sat Mar 8 05:01:26 PM CST 2025] Reload success Test Nginx configure file...... nginx: [warn] the "listen ... http2" directive is deprecated, use the "http2" directive instead in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/qdx.***.cn.conf:45 nginx: [warn] the "listen ... http2" directive is deprecated, use the "http2" directive instead in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/qdxapi.***.cn.conf:45 nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful Reload Nginx...... nginx: [warn] the "listen ... http2" directive is deprecated, use the "http2" directive instead in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/qdx.***.cn.conf:45 nginx: [warn] the "listen ... http2" directive is deprecated, use the "http2" directive instead in /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/qdxapi.***.cn.conf:45 Generate SSL Certificate successfully. ================================================ Virtualhost infomation: Your domain: qdx.***.cn Home Directory: /home/wwwroot/qdx Rewrite: yii2 Enable log: yes Create database: no Create ftp account: no Enable SSL: yes =>Let's Encrypt IPv6 Support: Disabled ================================================
6、安装 Git，基于 Gitee 部署。配置 SSH 密钥 在服务器上生成 SSH 密钥：
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# yum install git [root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "root@server" Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub The key fingerprint is: SHA256:7x7XrLbCPcTqfi3kw5aMg7NX2xXSRI4iOfr6VAZ4CO0 root@server The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 4096]----+ | .. .. | | ..o . o. | | .o * . .o. | | Eo + .. o | | .S + . .| | ..o =o .| | =o@.=o. | | =.Bo#.o | | .oO=*o= | +----[SHA256]-----+
7、将公钥添加到 Gitee：复制公钥：登录 Gitee，进入 个人设置 > SSH 公钥，添加公钥。如图3
图3
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
8、在项目目录中克隆 Gitee 仓库 失败。初始化 Git 仓库，添加远程仓库，拉取代码。如图4
图4
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git clone git@gitee.com:about/check-in-star-backend.git .
fatal: destination path '.' already exists and is not an empty directory.
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git init
hint: Using 'master' as the name for the initial branch. This default branch name
hint: is subject to change. To configure the initial branch name to use in all
hint: of your new repositories, which will suppress this warning, call:
hint:
hint: git config --global init.defaultBranch <name>
hint:
hint: Names commonly chosen instead of 'master' are 'main', 'trunk' and
hint: 'development'. The just-created branch can be renamed via this command:
hint:
hint: git branch -m <name>
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/wwwroot/qdx/.git/
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ls -l
total 0
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git remote add origin git@gitee.com:about/check-in-star-backend.git
fatal: detected dubious ownership in repository at '/home/wwwroot/qdx'
To add an exception for this directory, call:
git config --global --add safe.directory /home/wwwroot/qdx
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ls -l
total 0
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git pull origin v1.0.0
fatal: detected dubious ownership in repository at '/home/wwwroot/qdx'
To add an exception for this directory, call:
git config --global --add safe.directory /home/wwwroot/qdx
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ^C
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git config --global --add safe.directory /home/wwwroot/qdx
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git pull origin v1.0.0
fatal: 'origin' does not appear to be a git repository
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ^C
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ls -la
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 3 www www 35 Mar 8 17:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 32 Mar 8 16:57 ..
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 137 Mar 8 17:44 .git
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 44 Mar 8 16:57 .user.ini
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ^C
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git remote -v
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git remote add origin git@gitee.com:about/check-in-star-backend.git
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git remote -v
origin git@gitee.com:about/check-in-star-backend.git (fetch)
origin git@gitee.com:about/check-in-star-backend.git (push)
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# git pull origin v1.0.0
remote: Enumerating objects: 3941, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (3941/3941), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (2626/2626), done.
remote: Total 3941 (delta 1980), reused 2851 (delta 1219), pack-reused 0 (from 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (3941/3941), 79.29 MiB | 10.42 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (1980/1980), done.
From gitee.com:about/check-in-star-backend
* tag v1.0.0 -> FETCH_HEAD
fatal: update_ref failed for ref 'HEAD': cannot update ref 'refs/heads/master': trying to write non-commit object 7cefa5873aefc80530d576109a29df9b9a9cf161 to branch 'refs/heads/master'
[root@iZ2zeaj7tnbv8d3gsoy1w5Z qdx]# ls -la
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 4 www www 81 Mar 8 17:48 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 32 Mar 8 16:57 ..
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 150 Mar 8 17:48 .git
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7 Mar 8 17:48 .gitignore
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 8 17:48 README.md
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Mar 8 17:48 src
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 44 Mar 8 16:57 .user.ini
![在 WSL2 中的 Ubuntu 系统中，执行命令：sudo apt install php7.4-cli，报错：E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/php7.4/php7.4-common_7.4.3-4ubuntu2.5_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.152 80]。](https://www.shuijingwanwq.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/1-7-520x245.png)
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