推荐位 alias 会修改甚至为 null，而业务代码又依赖 alias 做硬编码查找，这导致数据与代码之间的绑定关系出现混乱，维护成本和出错风险上升

1、– `official-website-management-system`.recommendation_slots definition

CREATE TABLE `recommendation_slots` (
  `id` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `alias` varchar(200) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `name` varchar(200) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `cover_image_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '封面图',
  `more_redirect_url` varchar(300) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `title` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `keywords` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `description` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `content` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci,
  `usage` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用法',
  `status` tinyint unsigned DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '是否显示 1可用 2不可用 4删除',
  `created_at` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `updated_at` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `idx-alias` (`alias`),
  KEY `idx-status` (`status`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

-- `official-website-management-system`.recommendation_contents definition

CREATE TABLE `recommendation_contents` (
  `id` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
  `slot_id` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `type` tinyint unsigned DEFAULT '5' COMMENT '类型 1文章 2视频 3音频 4图片 5链接 6小程序 7应用 9其他',
  `title` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `cover_image_id` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '封面图',
  `image_1_id` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `image_2_id` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `image_3_id` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `text_1` varchar(300) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '' COMMENT '文本一',
  `text_2` varchar(300) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '' COMMENT '文本二',
  `text_3` varchar(300) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '' COMMENT '文本三',
  `link_1` varchar(300) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '' COMMENT '链接一',
  `link_2` varchar(300) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '' COMMENT '链接二',
  `link_3` varchar(300) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '' COMMENT '链接三',
  `keywords` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `description` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci DEFAULT '',
  `content` text COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci,
  `click_count` int unsigned DEFAULT '0',
  `status` tinyint unsigned DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '是否显示 1显示 2不显示',
  `order_number` int unsigned DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '排序，数值越大越靠前',
  `created_at` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `updated_at` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `idx-slot_id` (`slot_id`),
  KEY `idx-status` (`status`),
  KEY `idx-order_number` (`order_number`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

现有推荐位与推荐位数据两张表。
还有一个推荐位的初始化脚本，代码实现如下：

<?php

namespace console\controllers;

use common\models\IdMaker;
use common\models\RecommendationSlot;
use Yii;
use yii\console\Controller;
use yii\console\ExitCode;
use yii\db\Exception;
use yii\helpers\BaseConsole;
use yii\helpers\Console;

class RecommendationSlotController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * 推荐位数据初始化
     * @return void
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public function actionInit()
    {
        $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');

        $data = [
            [
                'id' => '1001',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-contact-1',
                'name' => '获取专业会务管理解决方案',
                'title' => '获取专业会务管理解决方案',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1002',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-features',
                'name' => '会务功能',
                'title' => '会务功能',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1003',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-products',
                'name' => '产品服务',
                'title' => '产品服务',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1004',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-contact-2',
                'name' => '我有需求立即联系',
                'title' => '我有需求立即联系',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1006',
                'alias' => 'setting-tabs',
                'name' => '“真”零代码灵活搭建，专属系统灵活配置',
                'title' => '“真”零代码灵活搭建，专属系统灵活配置',
                'description' => '5分钟上手，1小时上线，个性化需求随时调整',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1007',
                'alias' => 'cases-with-image-and-content',
                'name' => '300万用户在使用***，他们在竞争中脱颖而出',
                'title' => '300万用户在使用***，他们在竞争中脱颖而出',
                'description' => '一站式会务管理系统助力企业高效办会',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1009',
                'alias' => 'industry-carousels',
                'name' => '行业资讯轮播图',
                'title' => '新闻资讯轮播图',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1010',
                'alias' => 'setting-tabs-mobile',
                'name' => '“真”零代码灵活搭建，专属系统灵活配置（手机端）',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '5分钟上手，1小时上线，个性化需求随时调整',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1011',
                'alias' => 'recommended-cases',
                'name' => '领先企业都在用***',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '无论是政务型会议、展会、学术会、经销商大会等等，都有您的同行已经加入我们',
                'usage' => '首页的精彩案例',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1012',
                'alias' => 'industry-news',
                'name' => '行业新闻资讯',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '最新实时新闻，帮助主办及时了解行业动态',
                'usage' => '首页的行业资讯',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1013',
                'alias' => 'links-recommended-for-you',
                'name' => '猜你喜欢',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1014',
                'alias' => 'links-solutions',
                'name' => ' 解决方案',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1015',
                'alias' => 'links-support',
                'name' => '服务支持',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1016',
                'alias' => 'contact-image-1',
                'name' => '微信公众号',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1017',
                'alias' => 'contact-image-2',
                'name' => '客服微信',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1018',
                'alias' => 'links-resources',
                'name' => '资源支持',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1019',
                'alias' => 'index-carousels',
                'name' => '首页轮播图',
                'title' => '首页轮播图',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1020',
                'alias' => 'index-features',
                'name' => '首页功能列表模块',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '包括大会管理系统、活动管理系统、邀请函系统、信息查询系统、展会管理系统',
                'usage' => '用于首页的多种功能满足您的日程所需',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1021',
                'alias' => 'index-convention-features',
                'name' => '首页大会管理系统的功能列表模块',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '适用于大型论坛、峰会、学术会议、政府大会、合作伙伴大会、经销商大会、产业大会、行业大会、发布会、招商会、培训会等会议场景。 支持自定义风格，功能模块丰富，注册即可使用!',
                'usage' => '用于首页的大会管理系统',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1022',
                'alias' => 'convention-image-text',
                'name' => '大会管理系统的详情页面的左图右文模块',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '无限创建线上线下会议活动',
                'usage' => '用于大会管理系统的详情页面',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1023',
                'alias' => 'feature-tabs',
                'name' => '详情页-多种功能满足你日程所需',
                'title' => '详情页-多种功能满足你日程所需',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1024',
                'alias' => 'customers-with-logo',
                'name' => '案例logo集合',
                'title' => '服务千行百业，值得您信赖',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
        ];

        foreach ($data as $row) {
            $slot = RecommendationSlot::find()->where(['alias' => $row['alias']])->limit(1)->one();
            if (!$slot) {
                $slot = new RecommendationSlot();
                $slot->created_at = $now;
                echo "&#x2795; 新增：{$row['alias']}\n";
            } else {
                echo "&#x267b;&#xfe0f; 更新：{$row['alias']}\n";
            }

            $slot->id = $row['id'];
            $slot->alias = $row['alias'];
            $slot->name = $row['name'];
            $slot->title = $row['title'];
            $slot->description = $row['description'];
            $slot->usage = $row['usage'];
            $slot->status = RecommendationSlot::STATUS_ENABLED;
            $slot->updated_at = $now;

            if (!$slot->save()) {
                echo Console::error("&#x274c; 保存失败：{$row['alias']}");
                print_r($slot->getErrors());
            }
        }

        echo Console::ansiFormat("&#x2705; 初始化完成\n", [BaseConsole::FG_GREEN]);
    }
}

实现了基于 alias 添加或者更新的逻辑，且 alias 与 id 固定了对应关系。

在代码中，硬编码获取推荐位数据时，基本上是基于 alias 获取。

现在存在一个问题，就是可能后台编辑推荐位时，允许 alias 为 null。那么在页面编辑器中，某一个页面元素数据源只能够关联上推荐位的 id，因为 alias 可能为 null 。

后台推荐位的 alias 可能会被修改，比如说 id = 1024 的 alias 为 customers-with-logo。后续可能 在后台需要将 id = 1024 的 alias 修改为 null，然后将 id = 1200 的 alias 修改为 customers-with-logo。此时需要在代码中，硬编码获取 alias 为 customers-with-logo 的数据。

现阶段感觉整体逻辑较为混乱，有无一个整体的清晰的逻辑结构可供参考？

2、最终初始化脚本调整如下

<?php

namespace console\controllers;

use common\models\IdMaker;
use common\models\RecommendationSlot;
use Yii;
use yii\console\Controller;
use yii\console\ExitCode;
use yii\db\Exception;
use yii\helpers\BaseConsole;
use yii\helpers\Console;

class RecommendationSlotController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * 推荐位数据初始化
     * @return void
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public function actionInit()
    {
        $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');

        $data = [
            [
                'id' => '1001',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-contact-1',
                'name' => '获取专业会务管理解决方案',
                'title' => '获取专业会务管理解决方案',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1002',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-features',
                'name' => '会务功能',
                'title' => '会务功能',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1003',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-products',
                'name' => '产品服务',
                'title' => '产品服务',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1004',
                'alias' => 'sidebar-contact-2',
                'name' => '我有需求立即联系',
                'title' => '我有需求立即联系',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1006',
                'alias' => 'setting-tabs',
                'name' => '“真”零代码灵活搭建，专属系统灵活配置',
                'title' => '“真”零代码灵活搭建，专属系统灵活配置',
                'description' => '5分钟上手，1小时上线，个性化需求随时调整',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1007',
                'alias' => 'cases-with-image-and-content',
                'name' => '300万用户在使用***，他们在竞争中脱颖而出',
                'title' => '300万用户在使用***，他们在竞争中脱颖而出',
                'description' => '一站式会务管理系统助力企业高效办会',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1009',
                'alias' => 'industry-carousels',
                'name' => '行业资讯轮播图',
                'title' => '新闻资讯轮播图',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1010',
                'alias' => 'setting-tabs-mobile',
                'name' => '“真”零代码灵活搭建，专属系统灵活配置（手机端）',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '5分钟上手，1小时上线，个性化需求随时调整',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1011',
                'alias' => 'recommended-cases',
                'name' => '领先企业都在用***',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '无论是政务型会议、展会、学术会、经销商大会等等，都有您的同行已经加入我们',
                'usage' => '首页的精彩案例',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1012',
                'alias' => 'industry-news',
                'name' => '行业新闻资讯',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '最新实时新闻，帮助主办及时了解行业动态',
                'usage' => '首页的行业资讯',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1013',
                'alias' => 'links-recommended-for-you',
                'name' => '猜你喜欢',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1014',
                'alias' => 'links-solutions',
                'name' => ' 解决方案',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1015',
                'alias' => 'links-support',
                'name' => '服务支持',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1016',
                'alias' => 'contact-image-1',
                'name' => '微信公众号',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1017',
                'alias' => 'contact-image-2',
                'name' => '客服微信',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1018',
                'alias' => 'links-resources',
                'name' => '资源支持',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '页面底部',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1019',
                'alias' => 'index-carousels',
                'name' => '首页轮播图',
                'title' => '首页轮播图',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1020',
                'alias' => 'index-features',
                'name' => '首页功能列表模块',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '包括大会管理系统、活动管理系统、邀请函系统、信息查询系统、展会管理系统',
                'usage' => '用于首页的多种功能满足您的日程所需',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1021',
                'alias' => 'index-convention-features',
                'name' => '首页大会管理系统的功能列表模块',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '适用于大型论坛、峰会、学术会议、政府大会、合作伙伴大会、经销商大会、产业大会、行业大会、发布会、招商会、培训会等会议场景。 支持自定义风格，功能模块丰富，注册即可使用!',
                'usage' => '用于首页的大会管理系统',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1022',
                'alias' => 'convention-image-text',
                'name' => '大会管理系统的详情页面的左图右文模块',
                'title' => '',
                'description' => '无限创建线上线下会议活动',
                'usage' => '用于大会管理系统的详情页面',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1023',
                'alias' => 'feature-tabs',
                'name' => '详情页-多种功能满足你日程所需',
                'title' => '详情页-多种功能满足你日程所需',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
            [
                'id' => '1832069240769958',
                'alias' => 'customers-with-logo',
                'name' => '案例logo集合',
                'title' => '服务千行百业，值得您信赖',
                'description' => '',
                'usage' => '',
            ],
        ];

        foreach ($data as $row) {
            $existingSlot = RecommendationSlot::find()->where(['alias' => $row['alias']])->limit(1)->one();
            $currentSlot = RecommendationSlot::find()->where(['id' => $row['id']])->limit(1)->one();
            $now = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');

            // 如果 alias 已存在，但不是当前 id，则需要迁移
            if ($existingSlot && $existingSlot->id !== $row['id']) {
                echo "&#x1f501; alias '{$row['alias']}' 已被 id = {$existingSlot->id} 使用，准备迁移...\n";

                // 清空旧 slot 的 alias
                $existingSlot->alias = null;
                $existingSlot->updated_at = $now;
                if (!$existingSlot->save()) {
                    echo Console::error("&#x274c; 清空旧 alias 失败：{$existingSlot->id}\n");
                    print_r($existingSlot->getErrors());
                }

                // 更新 recommendation_contents 中的 slot_id
                Yii::$app->db->createCommand()->update(
                    'recommendation_contents',
                    ['slot_id' => $row['id']],
                    ['slot_id' => $existingSlot->id]
                )->execute();

                echo "&#x2705; 已将 recommendation_contents.slot_id = {$existingSlot->id} 替换为 {$row['id']}\n";
            }

            if (!$currentSlot) {
                $currentSlot = new RecommendationSlot();
                $currentSlot->id = $row['id'];
                $currentSlot->created_at = $now;
                echo "&#x2795; 新增：{$row['alias']} (id={$row['id']})\n";
            } else {
                echo "&#x267b;&#xfe0f; 更新：{$row['alias']} (id={$row['id']})\n";
            }

            $currentSlot->alias = $row['alias'];
            $currentSlot->name = $row['name'];
            $currentSlot->title = $row['title'];
            $currentSlot->description = $row['description'];
            $currentSlot->usage = $row['usage'];
            $currentSlot->status = RecommendationSlot::STATUS_ENABLED;
            $currentSlot->updated_at = $now;

            if (!$currentSlot->save()) {
                echo Console::error("&#x274c; 保存失败：{$row['alias']} (id={$row['id']})\n");
                print_r($currentSlot->getErrors());
            }
        }


        echo Console::ansiFormat("&#x2705; 初始化完成\n", [BaseConsole::FG_GREEN]);
    }
}